|
|
| VOLUME 24
| NUMBER 2 | SECOND
QUARTER 2003 |
| |
| |
 |
| |
|
| |
.
INNOVATIONS |
| Innovators Bringing Metals Together
to Meet Materials Challenges |
| By:
Kirk Richardson — Wah Chang |
On a fingertip
of Washington state’s verdant Olympic Peninsula
rests a peaceful little town called Sequim (pronounced
“squim”). In S’kallan (the language
of a local Indian tribe), Sequim means, “quiet waters”.
For the most part, the name fits.
Just west of downtown, on the rebuilt foundation of an
old wood mill kiln, Don Butler and David Brasher are going
about their business. The two unassuming engineers operate
High Energy Metals Inc. (HEMI), which makes custom parts
for clientele ranging from private enterprises to national
labs and even the United States Navy.
The irony is in how the somewhat placid Messrs. Butler
and Brasher make their products. Almost as a counterbalance
to the tranquility that surrounds it, High Energy Metals,
true to its name, harnesses the raw power of explosives
to join dissimilar metals and other materials.
Explosive joining (or bonding) is a solid-state welding
process that uses controlled detonations to force two
or more materials together at high pressures (see Figure
1).
| FIGURE 1. (top) Explosive joining
is a solid-state welding process that uses controlled
detonations to force two or more materials together
at high pressures. FIGURE 2. (bottom)
The process creates an abrupt transition, or bond
line, from metal to metal, with no measurable degradation
of properties. |
According to Butler, the explosive joining process offers
some very important advantages over conventional methods.
It creates an abrupt transition, or bond line, from metal
to metal, with no measurable degradation of properties
(see Figure 2). In addition joints have high mechanical
strength, are ultra-high vacuum tight, and can withstand
drastic thermal excursions.
“Stainless-to-aluminum has to be the number one
combination,” says Butler. “Just about every
metal combination that’s out there, we’ve
worked with it at some point or another. There are very
few we haven’t done or can’t do.”
Butler and Brasher rattle off a list of uses for their
company’s products. HEMI precision machines its
metallic combinations into components for a variety of
applications, including aluminum/stainless steel and copper/stainless
steel combinations for use in laboratory, medical, and
computer chip equipment as well as electronic packaging.
The company even manufactures products for the maritime
and shipbuilding industries, producing aluminum-to-stainless
steel corrosion-resistant parts for joining bond straps
to aluminum topside structures.
Almost every project that the duo works on qualifies as
an innovation. After all, there aren’t many companies
who use explosives to make products for the likes of NASA.
For example, HEMI combines Wah Chang’s niobium with
platinum to make upgraded rocket nozzle rings for Aerojet
Corporation. These corrosion and temperature resistant
parts are used in space shuttle positioning motors. “The
goal is to make a motor that burns hotter and is more
efficient so that the shuttle does not need to carry as
much fuel.” says Butler. “The customer needs
to match the extreme high temperature corrosion resistance
of platinum in the combustion chamber with the high temperature
strength and lighter weight of niobium in the nozzle.”
Butler goes on to say that a big challenge in making these
nozzle rings was “finding a way to make that transition
from platinum to niobium,” metals he points out
are not very compatible. HEMI found that “way”
by formulating and carefully carrying out a plan for explosively
joining the dissimilar metals. It hasn’t been an
easy process.
“The trick has been to bond thicker materials without
forming intermetallics,” says Brasher. “Ideally
they (Aerojet) want this transition joint to be two inches
thick of each metal. Then, when they’re welding,
they can be far away from the actual bond joint, so they
don’t heat up the joint. Welding the metals together
conventionally causes material in the transition zone
to form brittle intermetallics.”
| (top) Golf Cart Rings.
Aluminum to Stainless Steel transition ring welding
between the Stainless Steel protective tank and
the aluminum cryogenic hydrogen container. (bottom)
Copper/Stainless Steel block. A high energy photon
beam undulator with water cooling for high heat
loads in the Advanced Photon Source at the Argonne
National Laboratory. A copper bar is explosion bonded
on four sides with stainless steel. The explosion
bonded joints provide a strong leak-tight metallurgical
joint for an ultra-high vacuum environment. |
“The thicker (the material) you get, the more energy
(explosives) you have to use,” according to Brasher.
“For us, what you are trying to do is drive one
metal down into the other at an angle.” Brasher
makes the process sound simpler than it really is. Explosive
welding, as one might guess, requires careful planning
and precaution.
The piece of platinum-rhodium, which was bonded to the
niobium, is very expensive (on the order of $30,000).
”There wasn’t much room for experimentation,”
chuckles Brasher.
Edge effects in the platinum-niobium combination were
another concern for the HEMI duo. According to Brasher,
“You lose pressure out near the edges” of
the bonded materials. “Normally, you might just
cut the edge off,” he says, but when you have an
expensive piece of material like platinum, yield is paramount.
Butler and Brasher are rarely short on interesting work
these days. In addition to the Aerojet/NASA project, HEMI
has been involved in making aluminum-stainless steel components
for hydrogen-powered vehicle tanks. Here’s where
the story cuts from the norm. “What was kind of
neat, was that they (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory)
had a contract with a golf course,” says Brasher.
“They had a fleet of vehicles that did the maintenance
on the course. They had a contract to make hydrogen conversion
units.”
Hydrogen powered golf maintenance vehicles to electronics
packaging to thrusters for space vehicles... nothing appears
to be beyond the capabilities of Sequim’s quiet
but dynamic explosive-metalworking duo. For more information
on HEMI’s products and capabilities, contact the
company at info@highenergymetals.com
or phone 360-683-6390. More information about the company
is available on their website at www.highenergymetals.com.
|
| |
|
|
| |
.
EVENTS |
Specialty Metals in Corrosion
Applications Conference Update |
International Corrosion Applications
Conference
to Feature a Wide Variety of Technical Presentations |
 International
Corrosion Applications Conference
to Feature a Wide Variety of Technical Presentations
This fall Specialty Metals in Corrosion Applications,
the fourth in a series of biennial international conferences,
will be hosted by Allegheny Technologies’ Total
Corrosion Solutions team of Alleghney Ludlum, Allvac,
and Wah Chang. This unique event takes place September
7-12, 2003 at the Coeur d'Alene Resort in Coeur d’Alene,
Idaho.
Specialty Metals in Corrosion Applications is packed with
the latest information concerning corrosion challenges,
metals and other materials, engineering and fabrication
issues, as well as other topics. The following list provides
a sampling of presentation titles:
- Reactive Metal Fire Prevention in the Petrochemical
Industry (see article below)
|
- Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC
|
- PGMA - A Corrosion Protection Method Well
Suited for Use of Titanium in the CPI
|
- Risk Based Inspection and Highly Corrosion
Resistant Alloys
|
- Large Titanium Heat Exchangers Design, Manufacture,
and Fabrication Issues
|
- Large Titanium Clad Pressure Vessels Design,
Manufacture, and Fabrication Issues
|
- Corrosion Influence of Elastomeric Products
on Specific Metals
|
- Grade 28 Titanium: A Highly Corrosion Resistant
Pressure Vessel Alloy
|
- Revision of AWS 5.16-90 Addresses Important
Changes in Industry Practice
|
- The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Corrosion
Properties of Nickelvac 925
|
- New Developments in Corrosion Resistant Stainless
and Nickel Alloys
|
- Zirconium Clad Pressure Vessels Offer Cost
Savings in Highly Corrosive HCl Service
|
- Routine Chemical Cleaning Operations Are Not
|
- Tin in Zirconium 702: Effect in Sulfuric Acid
Applications
|
- Pyrophoric Films: Parameters for the Formation
of Pyrophoric Films and Passivation Techniques
for the Mitigation of Pyrophoric Films on Zirconium
|
- Insurance Issues for Chemical Plants
|
- Corrosion and the Nickel Laterites - Past,
Present and Future
|
- The Evolution of Corrosion Resistant Materials
|
- Metallographical Examination of Titanium Castings
|
- Application of Zr and Zr / Steel Clad Plates
in the Chlorinated
|
Current participants in the conference include Aker; Bayer;
Barrick Goldstrike; BP Chemicals; Caldera; Chemical Engineering
magazine; Det Norske Veritas; DuPont; DuPont Dow Elastomers;
Endress + Hauser Flowtec; ExxonMobil Chemical Company;
Finds magazine; Monsanto Envirochem; MTI; and Rohm &
Haas among many others.
For more information, to register, or to reserve an exhibit
at Specialty Metals in Corrosion Applications, contact
Sheryl Renzoni at sheryl.renzoni@wahchang.com
or 541-926-4211 x6280. |
| |
ExxonMobil Engineers to Discuss
Reactive Metal
Fire Prevention in the Petrochemical Industry |
Brian J. Fitzgerald, Senior Engineering
Associate–Materials Engineering and Scott Ostrowski,
Engineering Associate–Safety Engineering both from
the ExxonMobil Chemical Company will present important
information on reactive metal fire prevention at the upcoming
Specialty Metals in Corrosion Applications Conference.
The event will take place at the Coeur d’Alene Resort
September 7-12.
According to the presenters, reactive metal (Ti, Zr, Ta)
vessel and packing has been widely used in the petrochemical
industry for 40 years with good success. The reactive
metals are resistant to many corrosives because of a stable,
protective oxide film readily forms and is self-healing
air. However, under the oxide film the metal remains very
reactive. Occasionally this has resulted in fires in equipment
or packing fabricated from reactive metals.
The authors point out that the paper will review several
incidents of reactive metal first reported in the petrochemical
industry. They will discuss guidance on equipment design,
operations and maintenance for prevention and suppression
of reactive metal fires based on these experiences.
For more information about the event, visit corrosionsolutions.com
or contact Wah Chang at 541-926-4211 x6280. |
| |
|
|
|
| |
.
CORROSION
LAB CHRONICLES |
| Simulating Severe Conditions in
an Autoclave |
| By:
Mike Abraham — Wah Chang |
Continuous improvement in manufacturing
often leads to changes in operating conditions. One of
the critical factors that must be considered is the effect
that any process variation might have on the corrosion
performance of existing plant equipment and if the original
materials of construction will remain suitable choices
in changing environments. From an economic standpoint,
the decision to make a significant process change can
depend on re-using equipment in order to save the expense
of new capital investment. This situation was recently
highlighted by one of Wah Chang’s laboratory customers,
Western Metals Copper, who turned to us for the corrosion
data they needed to help measure the potential impact
of a major process modification.
Western Metals Copper Limited runs several mining operations
located throughout Australia, including the Mt. Gordon
copper mining facility in northwest Queensland. In service
since 1998, the Mt. Gordon copper mine uses a unique ferric
leach process to produce copper cathode from the variety
of ores found in the region. Due to future changes in
the ore supply, the company is developing a new chalcopyrite
leaching process to allow continued operation at the current
plant site. Minimizing the cost of upgrading the operation
will be very beneficial to making a successful transformation.
Senior Metallurgist Justin Resta is a member of the Western
Metals team working on the new development project at
Mt. Gordon. One of his assignments requires an examination
of how the proposed changes will affect existing plant
equipment and, in particular, the pressure oxidation autoclaves
where the leaching reactions take place. If the material
of construction used for the autoclaves has sufficient
corrosion resistance at the new conditions, it will allow
Western Metals to continue in service and save a significant
capital expenditure. Needing this specific corrosion information,
Mr. Resta asked the Wah Chang Laboratory and Testing Services
team for assistance.
Normally, the best method to predict the corrosion performance
of a metal is to perform coupon testing in the actual
operating environment, since this is a new process; however,
corrosion coupon testing was not an available option.
After several discussions within Wah Chang’s Technical
Services Group along with some back-and-forth exchanges
with Mr. Resta, a series of laboratory tests was agreed
upon to provide the corrosion data he needed.
We decided to simulate the new operating conditions of
the autoclaves at Mt. Gordon inside the Wah Chang Corrosion
Laboratory autoclaves, which are built out of the company’s
own zirconium. Having the superior corrosion resistance
of zirconium gives us a unique advantage for testing in
most chemical environments, allowing for some of the most
severe conditions to be tested without damaging the autoclaves
or introducing unwanted corrosion product impurities into
the test solution.
| The pressure oxidation autoclaves in operation
at Western Metals’ Mt. Gordon mining facility. |
With the testing plan in place, samples of the metal were
obtained and prepared along with the different solutions
representing the chemistry of the leaching process. These
were carefully loaded into the autoclaves, beginning a
30-day test period after adjusting them to the correct
final pressure and temperature. In this case, the tests
were run without interruption, and, at the end of 30 days,
the samples were removed from the autoclaves for examination.
In addition to the standard corrosion rate measurement
calculated from the weight loss of the samples, we also
inspected the metal surface for evidence of different
types of corrosive attack, such as crevice corrosion and
pitting. A complete analysis was forwarded to Western
Metals for their review.
According to Mr. Resta, the results of the testing have
proven to be encouraging and promising for the current
autoclave material to sufficiently withstand corrosion
at the more severe conditions of the new process.
As in many instances, the results of these initial tests
also raised some additional questions that will require
follow-up testing, which we are currently discussing.
Finding the answers is not always simple or straightforward,
but the knowledge gained from our laboratory testing can
be an invaluable resource when considering process changes
or improvements. Understanding complex corrosion performance
issues requires thorough research and accurate test data
in order to make the tough material selection decisions
easier.
For more information on Wah Chang’s Technical Services
Group and Corrosion Laboratory visit corrosionsolutions.com. |
| |
|
|
| |
.
Galvanic Corrosion |
| By: Paul Mabee— Wah Chang |
Understanding the corrosion effects
of single metal systems can be difficult; the additional
complexities of bimetallic systems can be daunting or
even worse, overlooked. One of the many considerations
to make when two dissimilar metals are electrically connected
to each other in equipment fabrication is the possibility
of galvanic corrosion. Galvanic corrosion is a simple
concept of electrical potential and electron transfer.
Three components are needed to enable the action of a
galvanic cell: 1) dissimilar metals with
differing electrical potentials 2) a
common electrolyte, a conductive solution or any solution
that will conduct electricity and 3)
an electronic connection or metals in direct contact that
will enable the transfer of electrons from one metal to
the other. Altering the system can eliminate or reduce
the harmful effects of galvanic corrosion. Preventive
measures include insulation of metal couple, keeping the
system dry, selecting materials that are closer in the
galvanic series and avoiding an unfavorable area effect.
Note: greater potential differences between the metals
can provide more current and greater corrosion attack.
To break down galvanic corrosion in simple terms, metals
in electrolytes have inherent voltage; these voltages
or potentials are generated by the liberation of metal
ions into solution. Release of metal ions into solution
requires a transfer of electrons from high potential,
to low potential. When a single material is in an electrolyte,
the electrons are distributed across the surface of the
metal. In the case of a metallic couple in an electrolyte,
electrons will flow through the metal from high electrical
potential (anode) to the low potential (cathode)
trying to achieve equilibrium. This electron flow produces
a current. The magnitude of the current is dependant on
surface area ratio between the anode and the cathode (potential
is measured by voltage per unit area). The corrosion rate
can be determined in galvanic systems by recording the
electron flow between the coupled metals.
A hierarchy of metal nobility has been accumulated for
many metals using seawater as the electrolyte (Table 1).
Potentials do change with different environments; but
for the sake of simplicity, we will use the galvanic series
in seawater as an illustration. When metals are electronically
coupled, the accelerated corrosion tends to follow the
nobility of metals; less noble metals are degraded more
rapidly, while more noble metals remain protected. Because
of this tendency to preserve the noble metal, the less
noble material can be termed “sacrificial”.
A second issue that has significant effects on galvanic
systems is stray currents that drive corrosion more quickly
than would otherwise occur. Since corrosion rate is proportional
to current, a stray current will increase corrosion at
the anode.
It is not always easy to recognize galvanic-initiated
problems that do not coincide with a significant dimensional
loss of the noble metal. Some metals may be susceptible
to absorption of elements such as hydrogen produced during
corrosion. But with the addition of galvanically induced
currents, absorption may be accelerated. One example of
this occurred in a niobium application when hydrogen absorption
and eventual embrittlement were observed. Dissimilar metal
was used to secure a niobium tube above the liquid level,
but inside the vapor phase. Condensation provided the
electrolyte, active corrosion occurred, attacking the
securing material. During the corrosion, atomic hydrogen
was evolved and retained by niobium leading to eventual
failure. The problem could be solved by elimination of
electron flow with insulation of the securing material
or changing the securing metal, thus lowering the voltage
difference.
A second example of galvanic corrosion outside of the
simple galvanic corrosion cell has been observed with
zirconium coupled with graphite (Figure 1). This is a
galvanic corrosion problem not associated with bimetallic
systems, rather a metal couple with carbon gaskets. (In
this instance graphite behaves like metals.) Corrosion
was observed on the sealing surfaces of the zirconium
flanges when carbon gaskets where used. In laboratory
testing, a higher corrosion rate was observed.
The harm from galvanic corrosion cells can have a wide
range of destructive effects. Accelerated metal loss can
be significant and detrimental to structural strength.
This problem has been engineered and designed around for
many years. This phenomenon has been used to our advantage
with cathodic protection; sacrificial metals and induced
current are used to slow active corrosion. Unrealized
corrosion problems are the most harmful and costly of
corrosion events. Many of these are sudden failures caused
by localized galvanic systems.
It is always better to test your materials in the environment
that they will be used. Referring to accumulative data
in media other than seawater can be misleading. It is
very important to consider the following when choosing
construction materials.
- Select materials that are close together in
the galvanic series (refer to Table 1, the galvanic
series of various materials in seawater). A
galvanic series should be constructed for materials
of interest according to their potential as
measured in the specific electrolyte.
- Recognize nonmetallic conductors as cathodes
in galvanic couples. Carbon-based materials,
such as impervious graphite, graphite-containing
gaskets or lubricants, conductive carbides,
carbon brick and carbon-filled polymers are
cathodic to the common metals and alloys in
many electrolytes.
- Use the favorable area effect of a small
cathode and a large anode to your advantage.
Small parts, such as fasteners, work better
for holding less corrosion resistant materials.
- Insulate dissimilar materials wherever practicable.
The insulation needs to be complete. It is realistic
to expect that some defects exist in coatings.
It is essential not to let these defective areas
become anodes.
|
| FIGURE 1. Corrosion Rate of Zirconium
and Graphite. |
|
| |
|
|
| |
.
Metallurgical Laboratory Combines Best of Old and
New Technology to Create a Unique System |
Wah Chang’s metallurgical
laboratory recently installed a new Sony digital imaging
system. The new system will expand the company's capability
to transmit digital images electronically and archive
images and text. The metallurgical lab is using the new
equipment with its existing calcite prism metallograph
on services that require polarized light and bright field
observation and photography.
Combining the old and new technology creates a unique
microstructural evaluation system — one that utilizes
the polarization qualities of the calcite prism with the
latest in digital imaging. The result is a system that
can display and capture subtle microstructural differences
in a variety of metals and alloys.
While the metallograph has been around for a while, by
virtue of its calcite prism, it remains the best technology
available for polarization. Newer bench microscopes use
plastic polarizers sandwiched between glass, which do
not provide the same quality of polarization as the calcite
prism. The calcite prism provides a better extinction
than using plastic polarizers.
| Zr702 weld taken with calcite prism metallograph
and new Sony digital imaging system using polarized
light. |
Otto Breiner of Otto Breiner Instruments (Monrovia, CA),
who services Wah Chang’s metallographic equipment,
has worked on these systems his whole career starting
with Reichert in Austria, then with Bausch and Lomb in
the U.S. He claims that the calcite prism is “the
best in the world” for polarization.
Breiner recounts the story of a young PhD newly hired
as lab manager for a large manufacturer. The manager decided
to “upgrade” the existing lab capabilities
forsaking the existing equipment, including a calcite
prism, to invest in all new state-of-the-art equipment
for the company’s metallurgical lab. After a significant
investment on new metallographs with microscopes, he challenged
Breiner to compare the new and old systems. Using 1000x
magnification, the lab manager took a picture with one
of the new microscopes while Breiner took a Polaroid shot
using the calcite prism. Much to the dismay of the lab
manager, the new equipment couldn’t match the calcite
prism.
| Bausch and Lomb Research 1 Metallograph with Sony
DCX S500 Digital Camera and Variable Zoom Coupler.
(Inset) Calcite Prism Housing. |
The polarization capabilities of the calcite prism are
important for those working with hexagonally close-packed
crystalline structure metals such as hafnium, zirconium,
titanium, beryllium, cobalt, magnesium, zinc, and cadmium,
for which polarized light is used to determine grain structure.
Determining grain structure is important because it allows
a metallurgical lab to differentiate individual grains
of different crystallographic orientation. Most often,
it’s customers in the atomic energy and aerospace
industries who need this level of polarization; however,
occasionally other applications arise.
Today, Wah Chang’s customers appreciate and rely
on the company’s technical expertise for metallographic
work and evaluations of its primary products zirconium,
hafnium, titanium, niobium, vanadium, tantalum, and their
alloys. The Metallurgical Laboratory serves customers
in the nuclear power, aerospace, high energy physics,
medical, and chemical industries.
If you are working in any of these industries or are in
the specialty metals business, keep Wah Chang’s
metallographic equipment and expertise in mind. For more
information about our metallurgical, corrosion, and other
testing services or to discuss your company’s needs,
e-mail custserv@wahchang.com
or contact us at 541-967-6977.
|
| |
|
|
| |
.
People News |
 Anya
Kirillova has accepted a position with Wah Chang
as a Business Analyst in the Marketing and Business Development
Department. Ms. Kirillova has been working as an intern
for Wah Chang for the last several months and has made
a solid contribution to our commercial team.
Ms. Kirillova recently completed graduate school and previously
worked in marketing for Valmont Microflect and W.L. Gore
& Associates. In the new role, she will be involved
with marketing research, strategic analyses, long-term
forecasting/modeling tools, stage gate implementation,
and support project managers at Wah Chang and ATI.
Ms. Kirillova brings ATI additional expertise and depth
in marketing research, marketing analysis, marketing strategy,
international business and language capability. She is
fluent in Ukrainian and Russian and holds a B.S.B.A. in
Marketing Management as well as an M.B.A. Ms. Kirillova
can be reached by phone at 541-926-4211 x6057 or via e-mail
at anya.kirillova@wahchang.com.
 Kirk
Richardson recently received the Oregon Festivals
& Events Association 2003 Volunteer of the Year Award
for his efforts to develop and promote the Wah Chang Art
& Air Festival. This event, now in its fourth year,
features concerts, art displays, and hot air balloon activities.
The festival runs August 15, 16, and 17 in Albany, Oregon.
Mr. Richardson works in Wah Chang’s Marketing Department
and manages trade shows as well as the company’s
own conference, Specialty Metals in Corrosion Applications,
which will be held in Coeur d’Alene, Idaho, September
7-12, 2003. To learn about the Specialty Metals in Corrosion
Applications Conference, visit www.corrosionsolutions.com.
For more information on the Wah Chang Art & Air Festival,
visit www.northwestartandair.org.
Mr. Richardson can be reached at 541-967-6955 or at kirk.richardson@wahchang.com.
 Kandise
Kiser has accepted a full time position as a
Sales Service Technician at Wah Chang. Ms. Kiser has been
with the Sales Department for two years working with the
castings sales team while providing support to Customer
Service, Order Management and other units as needed. In
addition, she has provided sales assistance to the Ni-Ti,
Ti-45Nb and Sputtering Target product lines.
Ms. Kiser has been a key team member in the implementation
and training of Wah Chang’s commercial staff in
the use of IT systems and has coordinated the development
of the castings website. She can be reached by phone at
541-926-4211 x6115 or by e-mail at kandise.kiser@wahchang.com.
 Wah
Chang recently announced that Michael Moyer,
Manager, Nuclear and Zirconium Products Sales at Wah Chang,
will also oversee sales of other zirconium products, including
chemicals and by-products.
Mr. Moyer has held various sales management positions
during his 14 years with the company. He has been involved
with niobium, titanium, CPI zirconium and Zr nuclear sales.
Mr. Moyer can be reached at 541-967-6914 or by e-mail
at mike.moyer@wahchang.com.
 Paul
Mabee recently accepted a full time position
in Sales. Mr. Mabee joined Wah Chang as a Corrosion Specialist
in Feb 2002. Previous to his new assignment, he had been
assisting in the CPI and Alloyed Titanium Group. In addition,
Mr. Mabee has been involved in the testing, development
and training of staff on an automated quoting platform
for the sales and commercial group. He came to Wah Chang
after running several successful business ventures and
graduating with a B.S. degree in Biochemistry/ Biophysics.
Mr. Mabee will be working in Nuclear Material Sales. He
can be reached at 541-926-4211 or by e-mail at paul.mabee@wahchang.com.
 Jeff
Kerr joined Wah Chang as a Business Development
Project Manager in the Marketing and Business Development
Department on May 19. Mr. Kerr came to Wah Chang from
SUMCO, a leading producer of materials for the electronics
industry. Through his experience at SUMCO and previous
employers, Georgia Pacific and W.R. Grace, he has held
positions in technical sales, product engineering, and
production management. Mr. Kerr holds a BS degree in Chemical
Engineering. He is also completing a M.S. in Management
and is a registered professional engineer.
Mr. Kerr will be part of the Wah Chang team focused on
market and product development efforts. He is initially
focusing on Wah Chang and ATI products designed for electronics,
fuel cell, and hydrogen applications, but he will be working
with many of Wah Chang and ATI's products across multiple
markets. Mr. Kerr can be reached at 541-812-7057 or by
e-mail at jeff.kerr@wahchang.com.
 Wah
Chang recently announced that Carolyn Gardener
will head up the combined group of Aerospace Titanium
Sales and Customer Service. According to Gary Kneisel,
Director of Sales at Wah Chang, “Carolyn brings
a number of years of customer service experience from
the former Oremet Titanium plant.”
Ms. Gardener has been Sales Manager for aerospace titanium
products since joining Wah Chang in 2001. Her background
includes stints as Sales Service Coordinator and Inside
Sales Manager with titanium-giant Oremet. Subsequently,
she held titanium sales management positions with Oremet-Wah
Chang, then with sister company Allvac. Ms. Gardener can
be reached at 541-812-7026 or by e-mail at carolyn.gardener@wahchang.com. |
| |
|
|
| |
.
|
LYNN DAVIS
President
PARRY WALBORN
Vice President — Commercial
GARY
KNEISEL
Director of Sales
ANDY NICHOLS
Director of Marketing
KIRK RICHARDSON
Editor
Copyright ©2003 Wah Chang. All rights reserved. Reproduction
of this newsletter by any means, in whole or in part,
without written permission is prohibited by law. Outlook
is published quarterly by Wah Chang. The newsletter contains
information on reactive and refractory metals, including
hafnium, niobium, titanium, vanadium and zirconium, as
well as chemicals. The properties listed herein are average
values based on laboratory and field test data from a
number of sources. They are indicative only of the results
obtained in such tests and should not be considered as
guaranteed maximums or minimums. The starburst logo and
Wah Chang are registered trademarks of ATI Properties,
Inc. |
| |
| Information & Order Contacts |
Wah Chang
(headquarters)
P.O Box 460
Albany, Oregon 97321
T 541.926.4211
F 541.967.6990
www.wahchang.com
www.corrosionsolutions.com
Sales/Tech Support
T 541.967.6977
F 541.967.6994
custserv@wahchang.com
CPI Service Center — US
T 541.917.6739
F 541.924.6882
ellen.baumgartner@wahchang.com |
| |
| Information on Agents/Distributors |
CPI Products
T 541.967.6906
Nuclear-Grade Alloys
T 541.967.6914
Ti, V, and Nb Products
T 541.967.6977 |
| |
| Affiliated Companies |
Allvac
PO Box 5030
Monroe North Carolina 28111-5030
T 704.289.4511
www.allvac.com
Allegheny Ludlum
500 Six PPG Place
Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15222
T 800.258.3586
www.alleghenyludlum.com |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
